droog magazine
HOME   

November 19, 2020, updated 24-04-2022

The Hitler Forgery Industry

to Hitler Forgery Industry main page - to Droog Magazine

1936 | Trade | Certificates of Authenticity


The strange business of selling fakes, forgeries and other concoctions attributed to Adolf Hitler (1889-1945) and other Nazi criminals.

Introduction


In the 1930's the Hitler forgery industry was in full swing. In 1933 Reinhold Hanisch was arrested in Vienna for the first time, on suspicion of forging Hitler watercolors. The case was dismissed, because of lack of evidence. 

Meanwhile, in Nazi publications reproductions of alleged Hitler watercolors were published, which were very likely nor made by Hitler, but by
ghost art painters. At the same time 'normal' forgers were active.


Content


"Hitlers"on exhibition (Stuttgart, April 1936)
Reinhold Hanisch arrested (Vienna, November 1936)

Exchange rates/value of money 1936


The first official exhibition of "Hitlers"

In the Wurttemberg Libray in Stuttgart the "Hitlers" from the Hoffmann portfolio (1935) are exhibited, six watercolors and a drawing. However, only reproductions were shown, not the original works.

This strengthens the theory that these "Hitlers", or at least the six watercolors, were not made by Hitler, but by unknown artists, commissioned by Heinrich Hoffmann (and probably Hitler), in order to present Hitler as a gifted artist.


This was the only official "Hitler"exhibition in the Thirds Reich; a Munich pharmacist exhibited in 1935 his "salon" five alleged Hitler watercolors. He told that he had bought these watercolors from Hitler in 1912. Which is strange, as Hitler only moved in May 1913 to Munich.

In the 1950s "Hitlers "were again exhibited. In Rome, 1954, and in the US, where the "Hitlers" confiscated by the US Army from Heinrich Hoffmann were shown at a travelling exhibition. 



Allerlei [about the exhibition in Stuttgart]. Rotterdamsch Nieuwsblad, Rotterdam, 15-04-1936.
https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=MMKB32:164682047:mpeg21:a00014

Hitler als schilder. Facsimile's van zijn schilderijen te Stuttgart tentoongesteld. Twentsch Dagblad Tubantia en Enschedesche Courant, Enschede, 16-04-1936.
https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=MMSAEN01:000053263:mpeg21:a0046
Hitler's kunst. De Tijd. 's-Hertogenbosch, 17-04-1936.
https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:010534717:mpeg21:a0006
Hitler. Work as artist. The Newcastle Sun, Newcastle (Australia), 02-07-1936.
http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article166562612

To top of page.



Reinhold Hanisch arrested

In November 1936 Reinhold Hanisch, Hitler's business associate from 1910, and already suspected of forging Hitlers in 1933, is arrested in Vienna on suspicion of forging Hitler watercolors and of selling these. This happens after a large number of forged Hitlers was detected, which all originated from Hanisch. It's unclear who filed the first complaint. One of the witnesses, Otto Schatzker, who is a himself a rather dodgy art trader, files a complaint against Hanisch too.

When the police searches Hanisch' room water color paints, drawing paper and a large collection of postcards of Viennese citysights and a book with such depictions are found. As Hanisch was specialized in makings gold paintings on glass, and Hitler made watercolor copies of similar postcards, the material in Hanisch'room strongly suggests that Hanisch did indeed forge Hitlers – yet in the room no forged Hitlers were found.

Also the police finds evidence that Hanisch is involved in forging works of the artists Wilhelm Leibl and Adolph Menzel too. These forgeries were commissioned by a man named Jacques Weiss – who was at the time of Hanisch' arrest imprisoned in Belgium, for fraud and bribery.

During the investigation into this case two witnesses were heard, who knew exactly what kind of works Hitler had made in his Vienna period: only Viennese cityscapes. These were Jakob Altenberg, Hitler's main client in 1910-1913 and Karl Leidenroth, an “academic” artist, who had lived in the Männerheim in Vienna in the same time as Hitler did.

According to Brigitte Hamann in Hitler's Vienna (1996) Leidenroth had been an accomplice of Hanisch – but there's no evidence at all for this allegation.

Hanisch was however never convicted. He died in a Viennese prison cell in February 1937, probably of natural causes. His accomplice Jacques Weiss was, as far as is known, never caught by the Austrian authorities. After he finished his prison time in Belgium, he managed to escape via Czechoslovakia to Denmark, What happened to him is unknown.

Oberpolizeirat Dr. Spring. Bundes Polizeidirektion Wien, Sicherheitsbureau, s.B. 17105/36, November-December 1936. NSDAP Hauptarchiv NS 26/2599; Bundesarchiv Berlin.


To top of page.



Exchange rates / value of money 03-01-1936

 
1 UK pound = 4,92 US dollar.
1 US dollar = 0,20 UK pound (in decimals) 
1 UK pound = 74,51 French francs
1 French franc = 0,013 French francs
1 UK pound = 29,25 Belgian francs
1 Belgian franc = 0,034 UK pound
1 UK pound = 61,25 Italian lire
1 Italian lire = 0,016 UK pound
1 UK pound = 7,25 NL guilder
1 NL guilder = 0,13 UK pound
1 UK pound = 12,25 Reichsmark
1 Reichsmark = 0,08 UK pound
1 UK pound =  22,40 Danish krone
1 Danish kron = 0,04 UK pound
1 UK pound = 19,90 Norwegian krone
1 Norwegian kron =0,05 UK pound
1 UK pound = 19,39 Swedish krone
1 Swedish kron = 0,05 UK pound
1 UK pound = 15,16 Swiss francs
1 Swiss franc =0,065 UK pound
1 UK pound = 35,94 Spanish pesetas
1 Sp. peseta = 0,027 UK pound


(RBD) Wisselkoersen. Het Vaderland, 's-Gravenhage, 03-01-1936.

https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:010016364:mpeg21:a0312


CPI Inflation Calculator – for US dollars.This inflation calculator uses official records published by the U.S. Department of Labor.
https://www.in2013dollars.com/us/inflation/

Convertisseur franc-euro. Pouvoir d'achat de l'euro et du franc. Le convertisseur franc-euro mesure l'érosion monétaire due à l'inflation.
https://www.insee.fr/fr/information/2417794


Value of the Guilder/Euro. International Institute of Social History, Amsterdam.
http://www.iisg.nl/hpw/calculate.php

To top of page.

© Compilation Bart FM Droog, 2020.